Page 1 of 11

Journal for Studies in Management and Planning

Available at

http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/

ISSN: 2395-0463

Volume 03 Issue 12

November 2017

Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 699

Socio-Economic Status of Women in Haryana: A Comparative

Study of Kasandi and Gamri Villages of Haryana

SUNIL

Research scholar, MDU Rohtak

ABSTRACT

The main objective of the study was to explore the socio economic status of women in selected

villages of Sonipat district of Haryana. In the present study, socio economic status of women

from two villages is comparatively analyzed.. Education level of respondents in the sample was

very low. The study shows that some respondents are illiterate, some respondents were up to

primary level. According to the sample, female literacy rate is lower in Haryana. Most of

respondents used financial institutions for saving their money. Study reveals that women leave

their education because of marriage.

KEYWORDS Women, socio economic status, Haryana

INTRODUCTION

Introduction -The Dictionary meaning of the term ‘Socio-economic Status’ is “relating to or

concerned with the interaction of social and economic factors”. The Encyclopedia meaning of

the term ‘socio-economic status’ is: “It refers to the relative rank that an individual holds, with

attendant rights, Duties, and lifestyle, in a social hierarchy based on honor and prestige”.

Socioeconomic status is often measured as a combination of education, income, and

occupation. It is commonly conceptualized as the social standing or class of an individual or

group. Furthermore, an examination of socioeconomic status as a gradient or continuous variable

reveals inequities in access to and distribution of resources. Socioeconomic status is relevant to

all realms of behavioral and social science, including research, practice, education, and

advocacy. Socio-economic Status affects overall human functioning, including development

across the life span, physical and mental health. Variance in socio-economic status, including

disparities in the distribution of wealth, income, and access to resources, affects everyone;

however, women are overrepresented among those living in poverty. Women are more often

responsible for raising children and are increasingly likely to raise children alone. This fact is

one of the many reasons that the socio-economic standing of women is of great importance to the

well-being of future generations. Everyone benefits from an increased focus on the foundations

of socioeconomic inequities and efforts to reduce the deep gaps in socioeconomic status in the

United States and abroad.

AmartyaSen (1999) argued that economic discrimination is a much “broader

concept” than economic status and a complex relationship exists between culture and economic

status of poor women in India. Although income generation is just one factor, the India

Development Report stressed that economic growth is necessary to alleviate poverty. Socio-

Page 2 of 11

Journal for Studies in Management and Planning

Available at

http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/

ISSN: 2395-0463

Volume 03 Issue 12

November 2017

Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 700

economic forces combine to greatly influence the development of poor women in India. Given

that culture permeates all aspects of life in India, a critical cultural and feminist perspective may

enhance understanding of the complex nature of economic development.

Review of Literature- Prihar, Aditya et al (2005) explored the status of women in Haryana. They analyzed the social

status and crime against women in Haryana. They used secondary data. The secondary data

collected from Direct Census Handbook, Census of Haryana, statistical abstract of Haryana and

National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB). They used both qualitative and quantitative methods.

They found out that on one front the girls from Haryana brought success and glory to the stat

achieving medals and occupying higher positions at various levels, but on the other front still

majority of women were victims of various forms of crimes which shows the poor status of girls

and women in the state. They also found out that government took many positive incentives to

improve the women. Mere formulation of policies to raise the status of women will not work

until mindset of the people will not change. Government should impose strict punishment of the

culprits who harasses women at any point of time and at any place.

Qureshi, N. and B.T. Shaikh (2007) studied women’s status within the framework of the four

institutions of power in society (family, community, health care system and the state) with

special reference to the situation in Pakistan. This study highlighted the factors that contribute to

gender equalities that create barriers to women’s empowerment and that compromise their health

status in developing countries. They used secondary data. The data collected from some research

papers, journals and world health report (2005). They found that the maternal mortality rate,

infant mortality rate and total fertility rate were still high in Pakistan. In terms of seeking health

for her, women did not have control over decision-making. He gave some suggestions. The

suggestions were family heads should be sensitized to issue such as malnourishment among girls,

the importance of girl’s education, the appropriate age of marriage, greater child spacing, safe

motherhood etc. with respect of community issues, especially in rural areas of Pakistan, there

was a need to listen to the community’s views on social and health-related issues. The health

care providers also need to be sensitized to women’s health issues. The state need to contribute

to the promotion of girl’s education and other women’s empowerment programs.

Setyaningsih, Santi et al (2012) identified how to empower women from poverty through

creative industry in Indonesia. They used both primary and secondary data. The data searched by

literature review, field surveys, observations and comparison with theory. They found out that

small and medium businesses were one of the things that people of Indonesia can improve their

economies. There were so many Indonesian women who did not have a job, potentially in

Indonesia’s economy petrified. The purpose of this study was to look at the factors that can best

to implement that uphold Women Empowerment.

Page 3 of 11

Journal for Studies in Management and Planning

Available at

http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/

ISSN: 2395-0463

Volume 03 Issue 12

November 2017

Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 701

D.P.,Akshraj (2013) studied the status of women through Stree Shakti program in Mysore. He

used both primary and secondary data. The primary data collected through questionnaires and

comparative study made between two groups to look into the differences, analyze and interpret

and final suggestions took forward. He gave some suggestions and conclusion for the

improvement of Stree Shakti groups. The programs were helpful in giving education to the

children of the family. It should be extended to the illiterate members. The failure rate in group- B was high due to illiteracy, ignorance and lack of awareness. Therefore, creating awareness

relating to the group and its usefulnessis most essential.

Nagaraja, B. (2013) explored the status of women in India. He used secondary data in this

study. The secondary data collected from national family health survey, national sample survey

organization, and some of the research papers. He found out that there was a need for

identification of some cultural factors having bearing on empowerment and autonomy. He found

out that still a large part of women did not have sufficient autonomy regarding the value choices

for their own life. The data also made to infer that there was a necessity to look beyond

economic resources or material prosperity and into cultural and social influences, which played a

significance role in shaping the women’s autonomy and agency.

Malik, Zainulabinden and Aneeqa Nawaz (2015) explored the status of women in Pakistan.

The area of study was rural and urban areas of Pakistan. They used secondary data. The

secondary data on women empowerment collected from various books, Journals, Newspapers,

Government reports, NGOs reports and internet etc. They found out that separation in Pakistan is

seen as an expression of open disobedience. Ladies who do go to court with a specific end goal

to get a separation are liable to be subjected to embarrassing reactions from individuals from the

wider crew. This is threatening and keeps most ladies from practicing their legitimate rights.

Qadri, Shahzain et al(2016)analyzed the status of women in Mumbai. They used primary data.

The data collected by a survey of people and collected responses from family, society and

college. Calculations completed by using the formulas of Mean, Standard Deviation, Standard

Error and Z score. They found out that people were neutral about girl’s safety, they cannot

concluded whether girls were safe or not neither they can said the movies like Pink are changing

mindset of society.

in short, above studies describe the status of women in India in rural and urban areas. These

studies explain the status of women at different parameters. As; Das Maramianalyzed the status

of women through entrepreneurship, Singh, Sahab et al explain the status of women in rural

areas through entrepreneurship development in 2013. Akshraj discussed the status of women