Page 1 of 11
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 03 Issue 12
November 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 194
Urbanization and Strategy and Dimension of Smart city in
India: An Analysis
Dr. Pinki Yadav Mr. Amarender Kadian
Assistant Prof. in Geog. Deptt. Engg.&Technology
Vaish College Rohtak (HR) M.D.U Rohtak (HR)
Abstract:
The Urbanization is most predominant and contemporary process prevalent throughout the
globe especially in developing countries like India. To sustain the brisk growth rate of economy
and urbanization and to alleviate the problems arising due to the growth, an integrated
approach and sustainable strategy is required. The inclusive and smart planning is one such
emerging strategy to tackle and mitigate these problems. This paper attempts to analyze and
evaluate the need for the development and planning of smart city projects in the country in line
with various ongoing projects and the government's proposal for development of the 100 smart
cities throughout the country. The analysis indicates that the cities are expanding and new cities
are being formed mainly by transformation and growth from villages and towns due to rapid
urbanization. But these cities lack basic infrastructural services and other amenities due to
various reasons ranging from lack in administrative and service delivery mechanism to lack of
proper planning vision, investment, management, and to some extent changing lifestyle, etc.
Some green field development like GIFT, Lavasa, Kochi Smart city and Nano City have started
but are far from satisfactory to cater to the demands of the sustainable cities and urban centres,
hence there is an urgent need to plan for both green and brown field sustainable urban
developments in form of eco-city or smart city or similar projects to bring out a balanced urban
growth and development. The detail analysis and some effective strategies have been given in
full paper.
Keywords: Smart City, Strategy, Urbanization
Page 2 of 11
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 03 Issue 12
November 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 195
Introduction:
The urbanization is an integral part
of modern economic growth, and a
phenomenon experienced by almost all the
countries round the globe. Urbanization is
often used to indicate a broad-based rural-to- urban transition of one or more factors
involving population, land use, economic
activity and culture, etc. The shift in
population from rural to urban settlements is
generally accepted as predominant indicator
of urbanization, measured by the urban
population share. The Urbanization is
mainly result of (net) migration from rural to
urban areas, expansion of urban boundaries
and the formation of new urban centres
either through the reclassification of villages
as they grow or new towns develop to
support national urban population. The
Urbanization helps in putting in planned
infrastructure in place and contributes to
protect people from more local environment
burdens, but itself is sometimes blamed for
contributing to climate change and other
global environmental burdens associated
with high consumption levels. The ambient
urban air pollution has become a bane for
some of the most economically successful
cities which aggravate the impact of
prevailing environmental problems. Hence
there arise a need for eco-friendly and
sustainable urban planning for the balanced
and healthy urban development. Moreover
the success of cities depend on active
involvement of stake holders and end users
in energy saving and implementation of new
technologies as a high percentage of the
total energy use remains in the hands of end
users and affected by their behavior. The
concept of smart cities is deemed to be one
such solution for the cities of future. It
originated just a few years back but has
captivated the imagination of many nations
across the globe. Today a number of
excellent examples like Seoul, Amsterdam,
Vienna, Dongtan, etc. exist which are
referred to as Smart Cities or sustainable
cities, and India can also learn and adopt
some of the parameters that could tackle the
local problems and conditions, and must be
workable and feasible hence require further
extensive research in this field.
Objectives of the study
This paper aims at analysing the
trend of urbanization and urban growth, and
need for new cities and urban centres so as
to cater to the ever increasing urban demand
and at the same time work out a sustainable
and workable solution within the limited and
constrained budget..
Page 3 of 11
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at
http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 03 Issue 12
November 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 196
Concept of smart city
The smart city concept is one such
upcoming concept which is deemed to be
the solution for the present day problems as
well as the sustainable future. But in the
absence of any definite guidelines and case
specific solutions to develop the smart cities
in India, there is need for further research to
work out the parameters, definitions and
guidelines for the development of new cities
on green field as well as the brown field
developments.Smart Cities is the one of the
most buzz words along with its sister
technologies like Internet of Things (IoT),
Mobile Robots, Big Data Analytics (BDA),
Human Augmentation and Cloud
Computing. The phrase ―Smart Cities‖ has
emerged in the past few years, yet
conferences, companies, citizens, and cities
around the globe have become enamored
with the concept. Smart Cities concept is the
new paradigm shift in the new urbanization
principles as well as post internet era. All
the business corporate houses, software
developers, practitioners, national
politicians, policy makers, architects,
builders, academicians, researchers and last
but not least city dwellers are collectively
running behind to construct ̳Smart Cities‘. ―
The use of Smart Computing technologies to
make the critical infrastructure components
and services of a city – which include city
administration, education, healthcare, public
safety, real estate, transportation, and
utilities-more intelligent, interconnected,
and efficient‖.
Trends of urbanization in India
India is among the countries with
low level of urbanization at present but the
urban population is growing rapidly
especially in developing countries like India
leading to continuous demographic and
spatial increase in the number and size of
urban centers.
Table 1, Share of Urban Population during census years
S.N. Years % Of urbanization
1 1951 17.29
2 1961 17.97
3 1971 19.91
4 1981 23.34
