Page 1 of 10
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 01
January 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 251
Impact of Training in “Paper Craft” On the Development Of
Trade Related Specific Skills among Adult with Intellectual Disability
*Mr. Sandeep Kumar
M.A. Public. Administration
M.Ed. (Special Education)
Abstract: This study examined the impact of training in paper craft on the development of
trade related specific skill among adult with intellectual disability. It was a process of making
successive approximations towards the goals of describing and explaining the phenomenon
under investigation of Intellectual Disabled children between 19 to 25 years (above18 yrs).
The sample size was 8 adults attending vocational class at “The Hyderabad Special School
for Children in Need of Special Care” Sec-bad, A.P. The special educator agreed for their
student’s participation in the experiment as it involved improving of vocational skills. A total
number of 15 sessions was carried out and the duration for each session was 30 minutes. First
day asses the current level and pre-test of the subject's and start teaching. Weekly 10 sessions
was conducted in the morning from 10:00 to 10:30 and 11:00 to 11:30 A.M. After completed
all sessions take a post-test. To find out whether there were significant difference between the
pre and post-test achievement when Mean, SD and paired t-test was calculated of the
study. We predicted that the training in paper craft had significant impact on the development
of trade specific skill among adult with intellectual disabled children
Keywords: Intellectual Disability, Vocational training, Paper crafts activities, vocational
skill.
Introduction: - When most people think of the word “Disability” they immediately
picture someone in a wheel chair. But there are many different types of disability.According
to the world Health Organization, a disability is “any restriction or lack (Resulting from any
impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner of within the range considered
normal for a human being”.A disability may be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory,
emotional, and developmental or some combination of these. A disability may be present
from birth, or occur during a person’s lifetime. Disabilities are an umbrella term, covering
impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. Impairment is problem in
body function or structure; an activity limitation is a difficulty encountered by, an individual
in executing a task or action, while a participation restriction is a problem experienced by an
Page 2 of 10
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 01
January 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 252
individual in involvement in life situations. Thus disqualify is a complex phenomenon,
reflecting an interaction between features of a person’s body and features of the society in
which he or she life’s. An individual may also qualify as disabled if he/she has had
impairment in the past or is seen as disabled based on a personal or grasp standard or norm.
Such impair mental may include physical. Mental disorders/intellectual disabled (also known
as psychiatric) and various types of chronic disease may also qualify as disabilities. Some
advocates object to describing certain conditions (notably deafness and it is more appropriate
to consider them developmental differences that have been unfairly signalized by society.
“Intellectual Disability means a condition of arrested or incomplete development of mind of a
person which is specially characterized by sub normality of intelligence.” (Person with
Disabled, (1995.)
Intellectual Disability (ID)... is a disability characterized by significant limitations both in
intellectual functioning (reasoning, learning, problem solving) and in adaptive behavior,
which covers a range of everyday social and practical skills. This disability originates before
the age of 18. (American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (2010).
A person with an Intellectual Disability may have difficulty learning and managing daily
living skills. This is because their cognitive (thought-related) processing is impaired.
Children and young people have different abilities and develop at different rates. Some
children find learning new skills or information difficult.
Problems:-Children many also exhibit sub-limitations of joints. Dislocation or displacement
of joints, contracture, deformities, muscles, wasting and atrophy of muscles, physical fitness
problem and obesity, Gross and fine motor impairment, Balance and co-ordination problem,
Hand functioning skills, Fine& gross motor skills, Visual motor skills, Sensory motor skills,
Perceptual motor skills etc. There is no cure for Intellectual Disability, but services and
supports play an important role and can enable the person to thrive throughout their lifetime.
Services for people with intellectual disabilities and their families are primarily there to
provide adequate support to allow for full inclusion in their communities.
The latest development in the field of rehabilitation is vocational training and employment of
each and every person with intellectual disabled.
Page 3 of 10
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 01
January 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 253
vocational training: - Vocational training of persons with intellectual disabled does not
confine with just extending the skill training for enabling a person enter into a vocation. It
begins with an elaborate evaluation in terms of the individual, family and the community to
assess the strengths and weaknesses in the respective areas. The importance of this task is to
project the positive qualities like the strength, assets and the compatibility of the person with
Intellectual Disability for the job rather than pleading for sympathy and charity.
Paper craft activities:-Activities in which crafts are involved. Craft is an occupation
especially in which fine skills of hand is needed, with fine motor movements of fingers,
thumb and hands along with eye hand coordination is involved.
Need and significance of the study: To be more independent and more functional in
the society, cognitive and psychomotor abilities are essential. As we know children with
Intellectual Disability have limitation in cognitive abilities, they exhibit defect in the art of
academic communication, occupational and other areas. Rigorous training in necessary to
improve their abilities in various aspects in order to make them independent (as for as
possible) in the society. Hand functioning is one of importance areas in which need to be
focused and improved through training, as we want them to be more functional. To break the
monotony introduces different activities while imparting skill training. It is evident from
various research studies that co-curricular activities like playing instruments arts and craft
and a major role in developing vocational skills. Craft activities include maximum use of
vocational skills such as cutting with scissors, folding paper, pasting with glue, tearing,
designing and mounding. Hence craft activity can be used as a mode to promote vocational
skills. Apart from academic these children exhibit deficits in eye hand coordination, in
hand manipulation finger dexterity which further effects their functional ability and as a
result dependence in the society. This study is and endeavors to improve vocational skill,
translation skills, in hand manipulation skills, finger dexterity, fine motor skills. Wrist
rotation bilateral coordination and voluntary release of children’s Intellectual Disability.
Review of Literature:-The review of literature is an important aspect as any component
of the research process. It involves the systemic identifications location and analysis of
documents containing information related to the research problem.
