Page 1 of 10
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 04
April 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 1926
Study on Integration of Battery Energy Storage for a Wind PV
Hybrid Renewable Energy System
BALA MOHAN RAM .K
PG Student
PRIST Deemed to be University,
Thanjavur
Abstract—In this manuscript, a hybrid wind/solar/battery
energy system is proposed for a stand-alone applications. Wind- solar energy sources are used as power generation source in the
proposed hybrid energy system (HES), whereas battery is used as
energy storing system in order to manage the power flow among
various power generation sources and energy storing system.
Power management control strategy is also presented for a
suggested hybrid system. Through the real load demand and
practical weather data (proposed area is Jamshoro, Sindh
Pakistan), the system performance is verified under different
situations. It is observed that the hybrid system produces
maximum power in summer season as compared to other seasons
throughout the year. Moreover, the power generated from wind
and solar energy contributes 77.88% and 22.12%, respectively.
However, it is clearly observed that the HES is cost effective and
can be used in remotely rural areas which are isolated from
power grid. In future work, the HES can be integrated with the
power grid in order to meet the load demand during shortage of
power.
Keywords—Hybrid; stand-alone; wind; solar; battery; power
management; Pakistan
I. INTRODUCTION
The growing energy utilization, expanding environmental
contamination, high rate and the prompt decline of fossil fuels
have made increasing concern towards renewable energy
generation sources, i.e., wind energy, solar energy, geothermal,
biomass, and tidal energy [1]-[5, [18]. In Pakistan, the
renewable energy sources have a huge potential to produce
electric power and these resources can play a vital role in
overcoming energy crisis [6], [7]. Among these renewable
energy resources, solar and wind energy sources are more
attractive power producing technologies [1], [2], [8]. The wind
and solar energy are abundantly available, free, inexhaustible,
and have no emission of greenhouse gases, therefore they are
atmosphere friendly [3], [5], [6], [10]. Due to such features,
these renewable energy resources can be utilized on large scale
to produce power in order to meet load requirement [6]. A
huge amount of population are living at rural areas around the
globe, where still no power for their social life, and they have
very minimum load demand, and still not connected with the
power grid system. In order to supply the power to these
remotely located areas, alternative energy sources such as wind
and solar are economical and efficient substitutes[6].
Globally, wind and solar energy resources have their own
deficiencies, such as wind is not accessible at all times and
solar is accessible only day time, therefore in order to make
sure the continuity of power supply to meet the load
requirements, it is essential to make wind and solar energy
resources along with storage device as a hybrid energy system
[9]. The energy storing devices may be battery, flywheel, super
capacitor or fuel cell [1], [4], [10]. Hybrid energy system isthe
integration of two or more than two power producing
technologies together with some energy storage system to
supply power to the load. Various unconventional energy
sources i.e., wind, solar, diesel, fuel cell, gas turbine can be
utilized to make a hybrid system [1]. A hybrid energy system is
more efficient and provides continuous power to consumers
with more reliability than a single source based system [1],[2].
The hybrid energy system is more appropriate for off-grid
services to supply remotely located rural regions[10].
In this paper, a hybrid wind/solar/battery energy system is
suggested for a stand-alone applications. Solar-wind system is
primarily resources of generation in our proposed system,
while battery is used as energy storage system and these
sources are coupled with AC bus via appropriate converters.
The DC load can be supplied through ac/dc rectification [15].
This paper is ordered as follows: in section 2, hybrid
system configuration and description is given. In section 3,
modeling and overall power management strategy is given. In
section 4, result and discussions is given. While the last section
5 concludes the manuscript.
II. HYBRID SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AND DESCRIPTION
A. Hybrid System Configuration
The proposed configuration of the hybrid i.e.,
wind/solar/battery system can be shown in Fig. 1. In this
system, renewable wind and solar resources are utilized as
major energy sources, whereas battery is used as storage
device. When the power generation from wind and solar
system is excessive, the excessive power is delivered to the
battery. When battery becomes fully charged, then extra power
will be sent to dump load. While during the deficiencies of
Page 2 of 10
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 04
April 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 1927
Dump Load
Load
Load (kW)
power generated from wind and solar energy system due to
weather issues, the battery backup will supply the power to
meet load demand. Through suitable interfacing circuits,
various energy sources are coupled with the bus. The proposed
hybrid system can be extended easily when other energy
The HES is planned in order to supply five homes in
Jamshoro. In this analytical study an hourly average domestic
load of five homes in Jamshoro is considered, as shown in
Fig. 2. The technique for determining the sizing of solar array
is given below:
generation resources are accessible.
Bus
The capacity factorKcf
12]:
can be characterized as follows [1,
Kcf
P
“(1)”
Prated
Wind Turbine Where P and Prated are the average power output and
Solar Array
rated power of a renewable energy resource respectively. The
theoretical capacity factor for wind is varies from 0-100 %,
while in practice it is mostly up to 30 %. However, in this
study authors have assumed 14 % and 10 % capacity factor for
wind solar respectively[1].
The purpose of unit sizing is to reduce the difference
between generated power Pgen from alternative energy sources
and load demand Pdem for a time period (T), and time
considered in this study is only one year data.
Battery P P P K *P K P P (2)
gen dem cf wtg wtg rated cf solar solarrated dem
Where Pwtg rated and Psolar rated are the power ratings of wind
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of proposed hybrid energy system.
turbine and solar array respectively.
In order to balance the power generation and load demand,
the power rating of solar array is given as:
B. System Unit-Sizing
The process of unit-sizing is considered for a proposed
hybrid energy system with the recommended arrangements (as
shown in Fig. 1) for domestic electricity supply in Jamshoro.It
is clear from the Fig. 2 that minimum load demand is 5.5 kW
while maximum demand is 12.8 kW. The core objective is to
correctly size the elements of the hybrid system in order to
confirm the reliable power supply to meet the load
requirements.
14
12
10
8
Psolar rated
Pdem Kcf wtg * Pwtg rated
Kcf solar
(3)
6
4
2
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
Fig. 3. Characteristics of the WT at different pitch angle response [11], [12],
[15].
As shown in Fig. 2, the average load requirement is 9 kW
approx., therefore, according to equation (3), the solar array
will be of 20 kW in size.
The battery is used as storage device and offers backup for
the system. The battery should be capable to store surplus
Converter
Converter
Bidirectional
Converter
12
Peak demand
11.1212.8
5
12
Minimum demand
9.2
10.5
109.598.7
11
10 10
9.5
8.5 8
6.56.15.85.6
6.5
5.55.8
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Page 3 of 10
European Journal of Business &
Social Sciences
Available at https://ejbss.org/
ISSN: 2235-767X
Volume 07 Issue 04
April 2019
Available online: https://ejbss.org/ P a g e | 1928
Time (Hours)
Fig. 2. Hourly average load of five homes in Jamshoro response.
power and to supply power to load during deficiency of power
generation. The battery bank of 1800 AH rating is utilized in
this stand-alone hybrid energy system as shown in Table I.
